CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN FRAMEWORK IN ABUJA METRO STATION: AN EMPIRICAL CASE STUDY

Purpose: Public metro stations function as high-traffic, multimodal nodes that are inherently vulnerable to systemic socio-spatial security threats, a growing trend in most Urban centres especially in Nigeria. This study examines the structural application of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) parameters within existing infrastructure to develop an architectural blueprint for transportation security sectors. The aim of this study is to identify physical vulnerabilities at the Abuja Metro Station and to propose a context-specific passive security framework for developing sub-Saharan urban environments. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: A qualitative case study methodology was employed, involving 20 purposively selected transit stakeholders including urban planners, transit security personnel, and daily commuters. Data collection included structured field observations, qualitative walkthroughs, thematic analysis, and visual estimation techniques to assess architectural blind spots and ambient illumination. Findings: The results show significant operational deficits, including a critical performance score in Territorial Reinforcement with a 20% implementation rate and a low-illumination profile, resulting in 12 distinct structural dead zones. Structural columns and the absence of formal commercial activity (0% activity support) undermine natural surveillance. Research limitations/Implications: The research is restricted to a qualitative assessment of a single transit hub in Abuja with 20 participants. Academically, it shifts focus from expensive active surveillance to design solving passive security suitable to West African. Practical Implications: The ability to overcome these vulnerabilities requires shifting from reactive policing to passive architectural measures. Municipal authorities should institutionalise localised CPTED codes, integrate structured informal retail, and mandate light-reflective materials to create secure, climate-resilient transit environments. Originality/Value: The study delivers an empirical redevelopment framework taking advantage of architectural transparency, enhanced natural surveillance, and clear territorial boundaries adapted to sub-Saharan realities. Keywords: Metro Station, Transportation Hubs, Passive Security Design, Transit Security, Abuja